In order to generate a positive user engagement, the experience offers:
- Continuity of surroundings: there is the possibility to look around in all directions and have continuity of the environment. The experience is settled in a futuristic R&D testing center;
- Conformance to human vision: visual contents are conform to real elements, so that, for example, objects in the distance are sized appropriately to our understanding of their size and distance from us. Motion parallax ensures that the view of objects changes appropriately as our perspective changes;
- Freedom of movement: users can move normally within borders of the environment;
- Physical interaction: users are able to interact with objects in the virtual environment similarly to the way they do with real life ones;
- 3D audio: to increase VR immersion the real sound of the engine is emulated and it changes according to users’ position.
FPT Industrial was involved in the last four years in the GASTone project, funded by the European Commission. The GASTone project is a high efficient energy conversion concept, based on the integration of energy recovery devices, energy storage and engine auxiliaries’ electrification on an FPT Industrial Cursor Natural Gas Euro VI engine for On-Road vehicles.
The energy recovery strategy was based on two mainstreams:
- Recovery of kinetic energy, thanks to the adoption of a Belt-driven Smart Generator (BSG)
- Recovery of the waste heat following an energy cascading approach, with a Thermo-Electric Generator (TEG) operating at high temperature and subsequent Turbo Generator (TBG).
- TEG downstream the catalyst
- TBG downstream TEG
- BSG, in lieu of current alternator
- DC/DC converter to manage three voltage levels (12V, 24V, 48V)
- Dual Layer Capacitor to store the energy produced
- Water pump and a Low Temp. circuit for correct cooling of the e-devices
Hi-eNG – High efficiency Natural Gas
The engine development has been strongly supported by state-of-the-art simulation tools for hardware selection and optimization, as well as by a single cylinder engine for testing and calibration. The engine has a specific cylinder head featuring a pentroof combustion chamber with tumble intake ports, and it is designed for optimal positive ignition combustion. The low pressure (up to 50 bar) gaseous fuel direct injection system brings also many advantages, such as an higher specific engine power output and a better and more flexible control of fuel mixture, that takes to an overall pollutant emission reduction during transient operations, contributing significantly to a better fuel economy. The high pressure cooled EGR circuit helps in reducing the throttling losses at part load, while the Variable Valve Timing uses a cam-phaser technology in order to achieve the best phasing conditions and the optimal volumetric efficiency and turbulence level. Finally, the Corona Ignition system guarantees optimal mixture ignition and enables the adoption of high EGR rates. All these new components are integrated thanks to the FPT Industrial specific control system strategies.
Single Cylinder High Engine Efficiency
Three main tools for detailed research on the identified fields are utilised to reach the thermal efficiency target:
- Combustion bomb for fundamental research and simulation calibration - Constant volume bomb allows for deep research on flame structure and flame wall interaction. Results are used as input to build the next generation combustion simulation model.
- Combustion simulation for virtual combustion development - Investigation of different combustion configurations (compression ratio, injection modulation, piston bowl shape) with front loaded simulation activities in order to reduce the number of engine tests.
- Single cylinder engine for combustion validation - A single cylinder engine is used for physical combustion validation. Research topics include air handling, fuel injection, combustion and multi-fuels. The modularity of the single cylinder engine allows for quicker variation of combustion relevant components
The Waste Heat Recovery is a version of the Rankine cycle, familiar from steam power plants. A working medium passes through several changes of state in a closed circuit in order to convert heat energy into mechanical energy in a thermodynamic process. Starting at state 1, the pressure of the initially liquid medium is increased adiabatically by a pump. It is then heated, evaporated, and superheated in an evaporator (2 to 3).
The now gaseous medium is fed into an expansion machine in which it is adiabatically expanded (3 to 4), which results in mechanical work. It is then condensed back into the liquid phase in a condenser (4 to 1), thus closing the loop.
Main components like exhaust evaporator, exhaust by-pass valve, high pressure feed pump and reservoir tank are located in a compact box placed directly after the exhaust after-treatment system, depending on customer needs.
Waste Heat Recovery for Commercial Vehicles main features
- Engine: Cursor 11, 476 hp, Euro VI
- Vehicle: IVECO Stralis Hi-Way
- Closed Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system
- Mechanical energy recovery
- Expander type: Axial Piston
- Heat source: Exhaust Heat
- System pressure: less than 40 bar
- Adapted vehicle cooling system
- Optimized for highest performance during real work operation
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CONTACTS
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Fabio LeporeMedia RelationsItalyfabio.lepore@fptindustrial.com-
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